Table 3 Self-assessment results for various aspects of EMC on a 5-point likert scale for participants’ agreement, with values listed in descending order

I know the reference values for heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and body temperature.

4.33

0.97

I can interpret an ECG of a patient with an emergency medical condition.

4.19

0.75

I can assess a patient using the ABCDE scheme.

4.15

0.75

I can conduct a focused history taking in clinical emergency.

3.90

0.62

I can perform a focused physical examination in a clinical emergency.

3.86

0.65

I can recognize a critically ill patient.

3.81

0.75

I can request the most important laboratory parameters in a clinical emergency based on the clinical presentation of a patient.

3.71

0.46

I can interpret the laboratory findings in a patient with an emergency medical condition.

3.67

0.86

Mean of all items

3.49

0.57

I can correctly assess the indications for performing an X-ray in a patient with an emergency medical condition.

3.43

0.68

I can interpret X-rays of a patient with an emergency medical condition.

3.29

0.78

I can prioritize tasks in emergency situations according to importance.

3.24

0.83

I know the most important medications that must be administered in clinical emergencies.

3.19

0.98

I can correctly determine the indication for further diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in clinical emergencies (e.g., endoscopy, cardiac catheterization).

3.14

0.79

I have a good time management in treating patients with emergency medical conditions

2.95

0.74

I can perform and interpret a focused emergency ultrasound in a patient.

2.81

1.29

I know the dosages of the most important medications that must be administered in clinical emergencies.

2.19

0.98