Table 2 Patient, and pre-hospital factors associated to conversion from initial non-shockable to shockable rhythm

Cases

487

1709

-

-

-

Median age (IQR)

67.0 (57.0–77.0)

69.0 (58.0–78.0)

0.007

-

0.003

0–14 years

2

23

0.003

0.0748

15–64 years

208

603

65 + years

258

1028

Men (%)

361 (74.13)

1134 (66.35)

0.001

0.0685

-

CA characteristics, and ALS

Medical cause (%)

464 (95.28)

1554 (90.93)

0.002

0.0660

-

Public CA* (%)

143 (32.35)

393 (27.77)

0.031

0.0494

-

Witnessed* (%)

370 (75.98)

1164 (68.11)

< 0.001

0.0710

-

Bystander CPR (%)

143 (29.36)

459 (26.86)

0.776

0.0065

-

CA recognized* (%)

190 (39.01)

606 (35.46)

0.626

0.0129

-

DA-CPR* (%)

155 (31.83)

448 (26.21)

0.135

0.0423

-

ET (%)

58 (11.91)

189 (11.06)

0.600

0.0112

-

i-GEL (%)

419 (83.04)

1465 (85.72)

0.861

0.0037

-

Median adrenaline total dose, mg (IQR)

6.0 (4.0–8.0)

5.0 (4.0–6.0)

< 0.001

-

0.030

Mechanical compression machine (%)

203 (41.68)

502 (29.37)

< 0.001

0.1090

-

Comorbidities (%)

CVD

228 (46.82)

737 (43.12)

0.148

0.0309

-

Diabetes mellitus

59 (12.11)

208 (12.17)

0.973

0.0007

-

Malignancy

21 (4.31)

110 (6.44)

0.081

0.0372

-

Renal disease

8 (1.64)

42 (2.46)

0.288

0.0227

-

Pulmonary

18 (3.70)

124 (7.26)

0.005

0.0600

-

Psychiatric disease

12 (2.46)

116 (6.79)

< 0.001

0.0764

-

Neurological

25 (5.13)

114 (6.67)

0.219

0.0262

-

Median time intervals, min (IQR)

Bystander reaction interval

2.0 (1.0–4.0)

2.0 (1.0–4.0)

0.695

-

0.168

EMS Response interval

9.0 (5.0–12.0)

10.0 (7.0–13.0)

0.005

-

0.005

EMS response interval < 8 min

189 (38.81)

559 (32.71)

0.012

0.0534

-

ROSC at hospital admission (%)

149 (30.60)

257 (15.04)

< 0.001

0.164